Ruwa mai tsaftacewa na birnin Lhasa - Asibitocin ruwa mai tsaftacewa

Features na Asibitocin Ruwa

Ruwan datti na asibiti yana ƙunshe da wasu gurɓataccen abubuwa na musamman, kamar magunguna, magungunan kashe cuta, magungunan ganewa, magungunan wanki da yawan ƙwayoyin cuta masu cutarwa, ƙwayoyin kwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin cuta daban-daban (kamar ƙwayoyin kwayoyin cuta, ƙwayoyin cuta na hepatitis, ƙwayoyin cuta na tuberculosis da ƙwayoyin cuta). Bugu da ƙari, ruwan gidan asibiti da ke da dakunan kula da isotopes yana ƙunshe da radioactive abubuwa kamar radium 226, phosphorus, zinariya 198, * 131. Idan aka kwatanta da ruwan datti na masana'antu da ruwan datti na rayuwa, yana da ƙananan ruwa da ƙarfin gurɓataccen ƙarfi. Idan aka watsar da shi, zai gurbata ruwa kuma ya watsa cututtuka.

2.1 Hanyar Oxidation

Hanyar biooxidation, wanda aka fi sani da hanyar aikin lakar, ita ce hanyoyin sarrafawa na gargajiya da aka saba amfani da su don sarrafa ruwan datti daban-daban. Amfani da bugun iska, inji iska, da dai sauransu, don sa yawan kwayoyin halitta kamar filamentoma da fungi a cikin sharar ruwa su yi yawa, wadannan kwayoyin halitta suna da ikon shan da kuma oxidizing abubuwa masu cutarwa a cikin sharar ruwa, don haka rage COD da BOD na sharar ruwa, don sa sharar ruwa ta sami tasirin tsabtace. Hakanan wasu tashoshin tsabtace ruwa suna amfani da hanyoyin haɗuwa na anaerobic da aerobic. Wato, a lokacin tsari na anaerobic, ƙwayoyin cuta na anaerobic suna haifuwa, nitrification da kuma shan abubuwa masu cutarwa a cikin ruwa. Rashin amfani shi ne cewa zai samar da yawan lakar da ke aiki, kuma ana buƙatar sarrafa lakar, yana ƙara tsarin sarrafawa, yana ƙara farashin injiniya, kuma yana haifar da gurɓataccen iska na biyu yayin aikin iska. Misalai da yawa na wannan a cikin gida, asibitin na biyar na birnin Daqing shine ɗaya daga cikinsu (hanyar sauya drum exposure). Yawancin hanyoyin da ake amfani da su sune hanyoyin da ake amfani da su don yin amfani da su, hanyoyin da ake amfani da su don yin amfani da su, hanyoyin da ake amfani da su don yin amfani da su, hanyoyin da ake amfani da su don yin amfani da su.

2.2 Hanyoyin maganin sinadarai

Chemical kwayoyin hanyar, shi ne zubar da adadin sunadarai a cikin ruwan datti, don haka da cutarwa abubuwa a cikin ruwan datti oxidation, cimma condensation absorbing precipitation. Wannan hanyar ta samo asali a hankali a cikin kusan shekaru talatin bayan hanyoyin gargajiya.

①yelv: ruwa * tare da karfi disinfection ikon, farashin m yadu amfani da ruwa mai famfo da asibitoci tsabtace ruwa disinfection. Amma * gas ne mai launin rawaya da ƙanshi mai ƙanshi da du gas, ba za a iya samar da * gas a kowane lokaci ba, dole ne a sami kayan aikin ajiya da kayan aikin chlorination. Tsarin kayan aikin da aka saka na ruwa * yana da rikitarwa, yana da sauƙin lalata, yana da haɗari sosai, don haka ana iyakance amfani a cikin birni ko yankunan da ke da yawan jama'a.

② Sodium hypochlorate mafita: Sodium hypochlorate ne daya daga cikin asali disinfection magani. Hanyar samar da albarkatun kasa mai sauƙi, samfurin kwanciyar hankali, sauƙin sufuri, ƙananan zuba jarin kayan aiki, ƙananan kuɗin aiki, sauƙin gudanarwa, aminci, amintacce, ba zai samar da lalata ba saboda disinfectant, aikace-aikace mafi yawa. Amma sodium hypochlorate sterilization ikon rauni, a lokacin sarrafawa kawo sharar gida, a hankali da sauran kayayyakin maye gurbin.

② Hanyar Ozone: Ozone shine mai ƙarfi oxidant, ƙara adadin ozone a cikin ruwan datti don ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin ruwa da kuma daban-daban karfe ions oxidation. Ta wannan hanyar sarrafa ruwan datti na asibiti ya fi ƙarancin *, ƙarancin gurɓataccen abu na biyu. Rashin amfani shine kayan aikin da ake buƙata, babban zuba jari na lokaci guda, babban girman gyaran kayan aiki, da kuma yawan amfani da wutar lantarki, wanda ya ƙara kudin aiki na shekara-shekara.

3.1.1Features na CASS tsari

CASS pool ta hanyar fasaha kirkire-kirkire, ingantaccen zane sa girman karami, mafi inganci. Wannan hanyar ci gaba da shigar da ruwa, amma ba tare da iska ba, matattarar kayan kwayoyin yana da yawa, yana da rashin oxygen da yanayin anaerobic, yana hana ci gaban ƙwayoyin cuta masu kyau, yana sarrafa lakar ba tare da faɗuwa ba. Babban yankin amsawa ya raba zuwa sassa biyu na oxygen deficiency da aerobic, sake zagayowar don iska, ruwa da ruwa. Ba a shigar da ruwa a matakin ruwa ba, kawar da yiwuwar tsangwama na ruwa, inganta halayen lakar da ingancin ruwan fitarwa. Abubuwan da ke ciki suna da rikitarwa sosai, suna ƙunshe da nau'ikan ƙwayoyin cuta, ƙwayoyin cuta, ƙwayoyin kwayoyin cuta da wasu abubuwa masu cutarwa, ingancin ruwa yana da canje-canje a cikin yawan ruwan da ke cikin gidan asibiti yana da ƙarfin daidaitawa da mafi kyawun sakamakon sarrafawa, shi ne kyakkyawan hanyar sarrafa ruwan da ke cikin gidan asibiti:

① low kudin aikin gini. CASS ta biodegradation, mud zubar da ruwa fitarwa duk da aka yi a cikin wannan tafkin, ba tare da daidaita tafkin, biyu sinking tafkin da mud bayar da kayan aiki, zai iya da yawa ceton zuba jari, rage ƙasa amfani da kuma rage aiki kudade. Gabaɗaya, farashin gini na iya adana 10% ~ 25%, kuma yankin yankin na iya rage 20% ~ 35%.

② aiki kudin lardin. Saboda sake-sake iska, da mayar da hankali na oxygen narkewa a cikin tafkin ya rage a cikin ruwan sama da ruwa mataki, a lokacin da iska, da mayar da hankali na oxygen gradient ne mai girma, watsawa inganci ne mai girma, makamashi ceton tasiri ne mai mahimmanci, aiki kudin zai iya ceton 10% -25%.

② organic abubuwa cire yawa, fitar da ruwa inganci mai kyau. Hanyar CASS ba kawai za ta iya cire gurɓatattun abubuwa daban-daban daga ruwan datti ba, har ma tana da kyakkyawan aikin de-nitrogen da kawar da phosphorus. Ka sa zuba jari na biyu magani, ya kai uku magani na ruwa inganci.

②CASS tsari a cikin jinkirin lokaci iska, sake zagayowar, sosai sauki don yin anaerobic, rashin oxygen da kuma anaerobic jihohi. Kuma ga asibiti tsabtace ruwa, dole ne a yi la'akari da tsabtace ruwa akwai cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututt Dokar CASS tana biyan wannan buƙata sosai.

② CASS hanyar ta yi amfani da jinkirin iska, sa lalata yawan aiki low, dehydration mai kyau, sauki da sarrafawa, rage lalata sarrafawa kudi. Sabon nau'in kayan aikin iska na karkashin ruwa ya maye gurbin hanyar iska ta gargajiya, amfani mai sassauci, tsarin yana da sauƙi, babu gurɓataccen amo.

② Management Unit, aiki abin dogara. Ruwa tsaftacewa masana'antu kayan aiki iri da kuma adadin ne kaɗan, sarrafawa tsarin ne mai sauki, da amfani da m zai iya ta atomatik ɗaga na'urar wastewater da kuma musamman damper a cikin ruwa shigarwa tsari har yanzu za a iya draining, da tashi na infiltrator ta atomatik. Tabbatar da kwanciyar hankali na ruwa.

3.2 Kula da kwayar cuta na chlorine dioxide

3.2.1 siffofin sterilization na chlorine dioxide

Chlorine dioxide ne mai inganci, wide spectrum, aminci, sauri, multi-aiki, dogon lokaci, ajiya da sauki amfani da disinfectant, lianheguo World Lafiya (WHO) lissafa shi a matsayin aminci disinfectant (A1) matakin, da Amurka Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) da Amurka Abinci da Magunguna Hukumar (FDA) amince da shi za a iya amfani da shi a asibitoci, abinci sarrafawa da sauran sassan.

Kasuwancin chlorine dioxide kayayyakin da aka samar a cikin gida da kasashen waje ne mafi yawan kwanciyar hankali chlorine dioxide mafita, kuma akwai ƙananan ɓangarorin jinkirin sakin nau'in ƙungiyoyi, gel granules, microcapsule foda da sauran ƙarfin chlorine dioxide kayayyakin. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, masana'antar tsabtace ruwa ta gida ta kasance sananne sosai ta hanyar chloride dioxide, tana da kyakkyawan sakamako a tsabtace ruwa a asibitoci. Abubuwan da ke cikin Chemical Method Chlorine Dioxide Sterilization don sarrafa wasu ruwan asibiti:

① ClO2 iya kashe duk kwayoyin cuta, ciki har da kwayoyin cuta, bacterium, fungi, mycobacteria da ƙwayoyin cuta da sauransu. Yana iya lalata ƙwayoyin gurɓataccen abu a cikin ruwa, kamar benzobirenquinone, lvform, phenol, chlorophenol, hydrogen sulfide da sulfide na ƙwayoyin halitta da sauransu. Yana iya oxidizing wasu ƙarfe ions a cikin ruwa kamar Fe2 +, Mn2 +, Ni2 +, da sauransu. Tasirin pH yana da ƙananan tasiri, yana da tasirin kashe algae, kuma yana rage launi, turbidity da ƙanshi na ruwa, tasirinsa sau 5 fiye da sodium hypochlorite. Ba a samar da mahimmanci organic halides a tsabtace ruwa, shi ne kyakkyawan zaɓi ga asibiti tsabtace ruwa.

② Chlorine dioxide a kan kwayar cutar disinfection tasiri ne mafi inganci fiye da ozone da yelv, da sauri amsa da tsabtace ruwa, lamba lokaci ne 1/2-1/4 na chlorine, za a iya rage shi daga 1h zuwa 0.5h, lamba tafkin za a iya rage shi zuwa asali rabin, sosai ceton zuba jari.

3.2.2 Sakamakon sarrafawa

Asibitin cutar kansa na lardin Jiangsu shine asibitin ƙwarewa na mataki na 3 A tare da gado sama da 600. A rana fitar da ruwan datti game da 500t. Amfani da sinadarai chlorine dioxide janareta don sarrafa wasu ruwan asibiti. Amfani da chlorine dioxide janareta ba tare da buƙatar yin aiki da sinadarai ba, don haka yawan kwayoyin cuta, COD da sauran alamomi sun kai ƙa'idodin fitarwa, wanda ya adana zuba jari da kuɗin aiki na yau da kullun na wuraren sarrafa ruwa na asibiti. Ruwan da aka tsara a asibiti * ya dace da ƙa'idodin fitarwa.

Tabbatar da tsarin sarrafa ruwan datti na asibiti, ba kawai don cimma manufar kashewa ba, har ma ya kamata a la'akari da fitar da ruwan datti da rarraba ayyukan muhalli na ruwa ga buƙatun ingancin ruwa. Asibitocin sha'awa ya kamata aiwatar da "kiwon lafiya cibiyoyin ruwa gurɓataccen fitarwa ka'idoji" (GB18466-2005), wanda ya gabatar da mafi girman bukatun ga asibitocin sha'awa magani, kuma bisa ga ka'idoji da kuma m bukatun, amfani da sinadarai tsarin chlorine dioxide sterilization ko CASS tsari ga asibitocin sha'awa magani, zai iya daidaitawa da wannan canji, idan aka kwatanta da daidai magani, sakamako mai kyau, zuba jari kaɗan, sauki gudanarwa, low aiki kudi, tsari, amfani, shi ne a fasaha, tattalin arziki gasa, shi ne halin yanzu asibitocin sha'awa magani a cikin hadewa da zamantakewa, tattalin arziki, muhalli, muhalli

Ruwa mai tsaftacewa na birnin Lhasa - Asibitocin ruwa mai tsaftacewa